LEARNERS WITH EXCEPTIONALITIES

LEARNERS WITH EXCEPTIONALITIES

1. Disability- is a measurable impairment or limitation that interferes with the persons ability.

2. Handicap- is a disadvantages that occurs as a result of a disability or impairment.

*CATEGORIES OF FUNCTIONALITIES

1. Specific cognitive or academic difficulties

·         Learning Disabilities- involve difficulties in specific cognitive processes like perception language, memory or metacognition.

·         Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder- is manifested both of these: 1. difficulty in focusing and maintaining attention and 2. recurrent hyperactive and impulsive behavior.

2. Speech and Communication Disorder- is difficulty in spoken language including voice disorder.

3. Social/ Emotional and bahavioral Difficulties

·         Autism- is a condition manifisted by different levels of impaired social interaction and communication repetitive behaviors and limited interests.

·         Mental Retardation- refers  to a significant sub-average intelligence and deficits in adaptive behavior.

·         Emotional/ Conduct Disorder- involves the presence of emotional states like depressions and aggression over a considerable amount of time.

4. Physical Disabilities and Health Impairments

·         Physical and Health Impairment- physical or medical conditions(usually long term)

·         Severe and Multiple Disabilities- refers to the presence of two or more different types of disability.

5. Sensory Impairments

·         Visual Impairment- conditions when there is malfunction of the eyes or optic nerves that prevent normal vision even with corrective lenses.

·         Hearing Impairment- malfunction of the ear or auditory nerves.

6. Giftedness- involve a significantly high level of cognitive development.

-PEOPLE FIRST LANGUAGE

·         Avoiding generic labels

·         Emphasizing  abilities, not limitations.

·         Avoiding euphemisms

·         Avoiding implying illness or suffering.

Reflection:
    In this lesson it tells about the other person who has a different knowledge that must to care and others have disabilities. We should be careful in every intelligence we had and be prepare in every circumstances.